visual examination of the bladder and urethra via a lighted cystoscope
Visual examination of the bladder and urethra via a lighted cystoscope is a medical procedure performed by urologists. This procedure, known as cystoscopy, allows the doctor to directly visualize the interior of the bladder and urethra using a specialized instrument called a cystoscope.
During a cystoscopy, the patient is typically placed under local anesthesia. The cystoscope is a thin, flexible or rigid tube with a light and a camera at the end. It is inserted through the urethra and advanced into the bladder. The light source illuminates the area, while the camera transmits real-time images to a monitor, allowing the urologist to examine the bladder and urethra in detail.
There are various reasons why a cystoscopy may be performed. It can help in the diagnosis of conditions such as urinary tract infections, bladder stones, bladder tumors, and urinary incontinence. Cystoscopy can also be used to evaluate the cause of recurring urinary tract infections, to monitor the effectiveness of certain treatments, and to guide certain surgical procedures, such as the removal of bladder stones or biopsies of suspicious bladder areas.
Cystoscopy is generally a safe procedure with minimal risks. Some common side effects may include temporary discomfort, mild bleeding, and urinary urgency or frequency. Rare complications, such as infection or injury to the urethra or bladder, may occur but are uncommon.
Overall, visual examination of the bladder and urethra via a lighted cystoscope is a valuable tool in urology for diagnosing and treating various bladder and urethral conditions. It allows for a direct view of the structures involved, helping doctors make accurate diagnoses and provide appropriate treatment.